التفسير التبليغي
(يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِنْ تُطِيعُوا الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا يَرُدُّوكُمْ عَلَى أَعْقَابِكُمْ فَتَنْقَلِبُوا خَاسِرِينَ) (3:149)
When He, glory be to Him, desired to strengthen the people of faith and their commitment to striving for the religion and faith, He warned them against obeying the disbelievers and associating with them.
(إِنْ تُطِيعُوا الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا يَرُدُّوكُمْ) Their obedience leads to ruin in this world and the Hereafter.
(يَرُدُّوكُمْ عَلَى أَعْقَابِكُمْ) Meaning: they will turn you back to disbelief after faith, because accepting their call to disbelief is disbelief itself.
They used to exploit them and cast doubts into their religion.
With their falsehood, they will make you apostatize after faith.
They exploit moments of weakness to infiltrate the hearts of the believers.
If you obey your adversaries, they will drag you into their ways and cast you into their darkness.
In it is a rectification of intentions and a warning against the pitfalls of the path and the conspiracies of the Jews.
A divine, cautionary call against obeying those who disbelieve.
If you obey them, you will lose this world and the Hereafter.
The meaning of obeying them is to abandon striving against them and against others.
(يَرُدُّوكُمْ) after your guidance to faith (عَلَى أَعْقَابِكُمْ).
(يَرُدُّوكُمْ عَلَى أَعْقَابِكُمْ) They will return you to your original state, polytheism (shirk) with Allah, (فَتَنْقَلِبُوا خَاسِرِينَ) becoming losers.
(فَتَنْقَلِبُوا خَاسِرِينَ) Meaning: you will be ruined, having lost yourselves, strayed from your religion, and forfeited your worldly life and your Hereafter.
(فَتَنْقَلِبُوا خَاسِرِينَ) Their obedience is a cause for the reversal of your conditions in all your affairs.
Source: التفسير التبليغي